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RIP: Yogi Berra’s best malapropisms

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With help from former teammate New York Yankee Whitey Ford (L), former New York Yankee Yogi Berra (C) is introduced during the teams Old Timers Day prior to a game between the New York Yankees and the Baltimore Orioles at Yankee Stadium on June 22, 2014.; Credit: Jim McIsaac/Getty Images

Yogi Berra, the Hall of Fame catcher renowned as much for his lovable, linguistically dizzying "Yogi-isms" as his unmatched 10 World Series championships with the New York Yankees, has died at 90.

We remember our favorite Yogi-isms, like “The future ain’t what it used to be,” “It ain’t over till it’s over,” “When you come to a fork in the road, take it,” and “You can observe a lot just by watching.”

Perhaps the best, though, was his response when asked by his wife whether he wanted to be buried in his native St. Louis or in his adoptive hometown of Montclair, New Jersey. Yogi’s reply? “Why don’t you surprise me.”

​Guest:

Ben Zimmer, language columnist for the Wall Street Journal and executive editor of Vocabulary.com


The team of engineers who outed Volkswagen did their research in LA

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The Volkswagen logo is seen at a Volkswagen dealer in Berlin on September 22.; Credit: ODD ANDERSEN/AFP/Getty Images

Daniel Carder isn’t a whistleblower.

You won’t hear his name mentioned in the same breath as Edward Snowden or Daniel Ellsberg. But make no mistake, the work Carder and his team did helped uncover one of the biggest scandals in the history of the automotive industry. Carder, however, says he never set out to make the discovery he did. As he tells it, he was just doing his job.

Shortly before the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency went public with its accusation that popular German automaker Volkswagen knowingly installed software allowing its 2.0 liter, four-cylinder turbo diesel engines to cheat on emissions testing, Carder, an engineering professor at West Virginia University, was at work in the school’s Center for Alternative Fuels, Engines and Emissions.

“I got a little heads up from our friends at the EPA and [California] Air Resources Board,” Carder told AirTalk’s Larry Mantle in an interview on KPCC on Wednesday. To be honest with you, I was in the laboratory and the phone started ringing. It’s been kind of a whirlwind since then. I’m shocked at how big it’s become in terms of international news, but I had no reason to believe that it would come to this.”

That may be because Carder and his team didn’t just recently stumble upon the data they collected that ultimately revealed Volkswagen’s deception. In fact, the research that formed the basis for the EPA’s claim against VW was done right here in Los Angeles, back in the spring and early summer of 2013.

Carder says they were asked to conduct the research after some tests done in Europe showed that some vehicles might not be compliant under all operation. A clean air group called the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) gave them $50,000 to take a closer look.

Carder’s team, which has been conducting this kind of research for the last 25 years, used a device called a portable emissions measurement system to record the data, which Carder says is essentially an interconnected system of five suitcase-sized devices that are loaded onto the vehicle and tied into its exhaust system. To ensure realistic results, they chose routes that were heavy on vehicle, highway, and urban activity, which included a trip from L.A. to Mt. Baldy and back as well as one to Seattle and back.

“We were working with colleagues from the Air Resources Board, and they were actually using their lab in El Monte to verify the compliance with certification limits that the vehicles had displayed when originally certified,” Carder says of their reasons for choosing the routes they did. “In addition…portions of the L.A. Freeway were used to derive the cycle that has become one of the standard test cycles for vehicle compliance and certification.”

Carder says when the initial results came back, he was so surprised that he thought maybe his team had made a mistake. But after checking and double-checking the numbers, he said it was clear that their findings were solid.

“We were fairly confident in what we were seeing, and then when the vehicle was delivered to our colleagues at the Air Resources Board, those emissions levels were far below what we were seeing, and suggesting compliance. We’ve been at this for some time, so off-cycle emissions aren’t something new to the world, and we reported what we saw.”

The data were published through the ICCT and the findings were even presented at an emissions workshop in San Diego. VW even contacted Carder and his team to verify the results of their research and ask a few questions about how they got there. He says the thought that VW might have intentionally gamed the system never crossed his mind, and even offered to do additional testing.

“We weren’t suspicious, we just presented what we saw. There was something causing the vehicle to act differently. We had no idea what that would be, and it wasn’t our job to look into what that might be. We just presented the data as we collected it.”

Carder says he doesn’t know whether VW only admitted to cheating the system when the EPA refused to certify their 2016 models, and he says that it’s not likely other manufacturers are trying to game the system too.

“You see the results of the study, and there was another manufacturer there that exhibited very good performance, and was at or below the certification level,” Carder said. “More importantly than that, you’ve got a lot of heavy duty counterparts that use the same kind of technologies, and those technologies are working very well and they’re very successful in reducing emissions.”

Carder doesn’t see himself as the catalyst for uncovering a major corporate scandal, and says that he and his team have done plenty of similar testing in the past, often leading to voluntary recalls.

“We have no stake in this, there’s no reason we want to see Volkswagen fail, so I didn’t even follow the story. It was a complete surprise to me on Friday when the news broke.”

Since the scandal broke last week, Volkswagen CEO Martin Winterkorn has stepped down and VW has said it will set aside over $7 billion in the third quarter of 2015 to cover the cost of correcting the problems.

Guests:

Daniel Carder, professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering and interim director of the Center for Alternative Fuels, Engines and Emissions at West Virginia University

‘Morally required and morally forbidden:’ the killing of an American jihadist

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"Objective Troy" by New York Times reporter Scott Shane.; Credit: Penguin Random House

It was this month, four years ago that the Obama administration ordered the fatal Predator drone strike on 40-year-old, Colorado State University alum, jihadist and American citizen, Anwar al-Awlaki.

In his gripping dissection of the decision, which he calls “simultaneously morally required and morally forbidden,” New York Times National security reporter Scott Shane reminds Americans of the debate over whether to deliberately kill an American citizen without a trial or court order and the precedent that it set.

Guest:

Scott Shane, National security reporter for The New York Times and author of “Objective Troy: A Terrorist, a President, and the Rise of the Drone”

Pizza Rat, Keyboard Cat, and Dancing Matt: What makes viral video tick, and why we click

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A person uses a laptop computer showing Youtube's logo on March 27, 2014 in Istanbul.; Credit: OZAN KOSE/AFP/Getty Images

In 2004, before YouTube existed, a teenager named Gary Brolsma posted a video to the Internet that would change his life forever.

At face value, the video is unremarkable. Brolsma is seen sitting at a desk, wearing headphones and lip-synching along to a catchy song by a Romanian band while dancing and fist-pumping. But something about this video made millions of people watch it over and over again.

The ‘Numa Numa’ video, as it’s now known, is just one of thousands that, for one reason or another, have caught on with the Internet and have been shared across many platforms. We swooned and giggled as Charlie bit his little brother’s finger, we laughed at David’s expense as he asked “Is this real life?” while still loopy on nitrous from a visit to the dentist, we admitted that being Rickroll’d was funny (the first few times), and we danced along to Psy’s smash hit “Gangnam Style.”

The most recent example of viral video’s power came on Monday, when a New York City-based comedian posted a video of a rat carrying an entire slice of pizza down a set of stairs at a Manhattan subway station. Within hours of the video’s posting, several major Internet publications had shared the video, #PizzaRat was the number one trending hashtag on Twitter, and someone had created a ‘NYC Pizza Rat’ parody Twitter account.

So, why did the Internet fall in love with pizza rat? Was it because the rat, in his dogged pursuit of reaching the bottom of the stairs with the pizza in tow, symbolizes all of our day-to-day struggles? Or is it just because it’s kind of funny to watch a rat try to haul a slice of pizza twice its size down some stairs?

What makes a viral video go viral? Why do some videos go viral but others don’t? Are there criteria for a video being viral?

Guests:

Jonah Berger, associate professor of marketing at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School, and author of the book “Contagious: Why Things Catch On” (Simon & Schuster, 2013). He also co-authored a study titled “What Makes Online Content Go Viral?”

What we learned from the Pope’s politically-charged speech to Congress

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Pope Francis is applauded by members of Congress as he arrives to speak during a joint meeting of the U.S. Congress in the House Chamber of the U.S. Capitol on September 24, 2015 in Washington, DC. ; Credit: Win McNamee/Getty Images

Pope Francis wasted no time diving into the maelstrom that is U.S. politics when he became the first sitting Pope to address a joint session of the United States’ Congress on Thursday morning.

Speaking in slow, deliberate English, a language he has admitted he isn’t very comfortable speaking, Pope Francis called on members to heal the planet’s “open wounds,” and made a point to specifically address issues like immigration and climate change.

He also took the opportunity to indirectly allude to several social issues, possibly referring to the recent legalization of same-sex marriage when he said “Fundamental relationships are being called into question, as is the very basis of marriage and the family.” He also may have been taking on abortion when he said of the Catholic Church’s do-unto-others ‘Golden Rule,’ “[It] also reminds us of our responsibility to protect and defend human life at every stage of its development.”

The historic event was 20 years in the making for House Speaker John Boehner, who petitioned in the 1990s to have Pope John Paul II give a speech to Congress, but the invitation was never accepted.

What did you think of Pope Francis’ address to Congress? Did he neglect to bring up any issues you would have liked him to address? What, if anything, did we learn about Pope Francis from his speech? What does the Pope’s speech tell us about the direction of the Catholic Church?

Guest:

Jason Berry, religion writer who has is in DC covering the Pope’s visit for GlobalPost.  He is the author of “Render unto Rome: The Secret Life of Money in the Catholic Church” (Broadway Books, 2012)

Impact of Sheriff McDonnell greenlighting ICE agents in LA county jails

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ICE Holds Immigrants At Adelanto Detention Facility

Immigrants prepare to be unshackled and set free from the Adelanto Detention Facility on November 15, 2013 in Adelanto, California.; Credit: John Moore/Getty Images

Immigration rights groups this morning are protesting a new policy allowing agents of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement access to inmates in LA County jails.

In a letter to the county's governing board, Los Angeles County Sheriff Jim McDonnell said deputies in county jails would continue to abide by California’s Trust Act when determining how they cooperate with federal immigration agents who seek to deport men and women who don't have legal immigration status and are found guilty of crimes.’ AirTalk will debate the new policies’

For more on this story from KPCC, click HERE.

Guest:

Melissa Keaney, Staff Attorney, Los Angeles office of the National Immigration Law Centre

Mark Krikorian, Executive Director, Center for Immigration Studies

TMI or claiming your narrative? The rise of the first-person exposé

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This photo shows a woman typing on the keyboard of her laptop computer in Beijing.; Credit: FREDERIC J. BROWN/AFP/Getty Images

The first-person singular is a powerful voice and they’re all over the Internet these days.

From pieces with titles like “I’m a pedophile, but not a monster” to “No One to Rescue Me From My Drinking”, first-person essays have gone from a navel-gazing niche to a full-fledged genre in the clickbait age.

A recent think piece in Slate has taken issue with these essays, in particular the publishing industry that has enabled their proliferation.

Are these essays exploitative? Or empowering to write and to read? What are the factors that have led to their rise?

Guests:

Natasha Rose Chenier, a writer based in Montreal, Canada. Her personal essay that described her sexual relationship with her father earlier this year in the online magazine, Jezebel

Karen North, Clinical Professor of Communication and Director of the Digital Social Media Program at USC

A print renaissance as e-book sales dip

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Amtrak Resumes Service On Busy Northeast Corridor After Deadly Train Crash

A woman reads a book while in the background travelers prepare to board their Amtrak train.; Credit: Mark Makela/Getty Images

As more and more people turn to Netflix and iTunes for movies and music, one may be concerned about the staying power of books.

However, last year's e-book sales saw a sharp decline, surprising many in the industry.

A few years ago analysts were projecting that print was on its way out with reports that e-books would overtake print by 2015, but that has not been the case. Instead e-book sales have been slowly decreasing.

It turns out people still want the real thing. Lorraine Shanley president of Market Partners International joins us to discuss what's behind this surprising resilience of print.  

Guests:

Lorraine Shanley, President of Market Partners International a consulting firm that caters to the needs of traditional and digital publishing based in New York

Len Vlahos, is in a two year transition with his wife to become the owners of Tattered Cover Bookstore, an iconic, multi location indie bookstore in Denver, Colorado. He was the former executive director of the Book Industry Study Group, a nonprofit research group that tracks the publishing industry


Latest PBS ‘American Masters’ documentary profiles the women who shaped modern American culture

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MTV EMA's 2014 - Outside Broadcast

Alicia Keys performs during the outside broadcast of the MTV EMA's 2014 at on November 9, 2014 in Glasgow, Scotland.; Credit: Shirlaine Forrest/Getty Images for MTV

When you think of some of the most influential women in American history, no doubt names like Susan B. Anthony, Harriet Tubman, and Eleanor Roosevelt come to mind.

But what about contemporary American history? Who are the women who have defined our culture over the last 50 years?

PBS’ latest American Masters documentary, titled ‘The Women’s List’ is the newest in filmmaker Timothy Greenfield-Sanders’ ‘List’ series, which has already features ‘The Boomer List,’ ‘The Black List,’ and ‘The Out List,’ to name a few.

Profiled in the film are some names you’ll likely recognize, like singer/songwriter Alicia Keys, actor Edie Falco, and U.S. House of Representatives Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, as well as some you may not, like commercial airline pilot Nia Wordlaw, entrepreneur Sara Blakely, or artist Laurie Anderson. And those are just a few of the people whose contributions to contemporary American culture are recognized in the documentary.

PBS’‘American Masters: The Women’s List’ premieres Friday, September 25, at 9p PT. You can watch it locally on KOCE-TV.

Guests:

Gloria Allred, civil rights attorney and founding partner of the law firm of Allred, Maroko, & Goldberg, featured in the PBS documentary ‘American Masters: The Women’s List’

Nia Wordlaw, pilot for United Airlines featured in the PBS documentary ‘American Masters: The Women’s List’

Preview of Chinese president Xi Jinping’s DC visit

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Chinese President Xi Jinping Visits Washington State

Chinese President Xi Jinping waves after giving a speech at Microsoft's main campus September 23, 2015 in Redmond, Washington. ; Credit: Pool/Getty Images

China’s President Xi Jinping heads to Washington D.C. today after spending the first part of his

week-long visit to the U.S. in Seattle. During his visit he is expected to discuss a number of issues from economic reform to human rights and commercial theft to cyber attacks.

The Obama Administration believes that Chinese espionage is behind one of the worst U.S. government data breaches in history, the theft of the personnel and security clearance records of  millions of government employees.

Earlier this week Xi came under a great deal of criticism over China's treatment of U.S. technology companies operating in China, and the need for regulatory transparency. Xi is scheduled to meet with Obama to discuss relations between the U.S. and China,  ending his visit with an address at the United Nations.

Will Xi’s visit help improve business relations between the U.S. and China?

​Guests:

Robert Daly, Director of Kissinger Institute on China and the United States at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars

Damien Ma, fellow at the Paulson Institute, an independent Chicago-based think tank focused on US-China issues, and author of “In Line Behind a Billion People: How Scarcity Will Define China's Ascent in the Next Decade” (Pearson FT Press, 2013)

Crowd-control scientists, Muslims react to 700 dead at Hajj pilgrimage in Mecca

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Muslim pilgrims walk past Saudi ambulances carrying injured pilgrims at an emergency hospital in Mina, near the holy city of Mecca.; Credit: MOHAMMED AL-SHAIKH/AFP/Getty Images

Saudi Arabia's King Salman has ordered a safety review of the annual Muslim pilgrimage after more than 700 people died in a fatal crush on their way to the holy sites of Mecca.

It's the worst tragedy at the hajj in 25 years and looks as though it occurred when two massive groups of pilgrims converged from different directions onto one road.

Crowd-control experts believe victims in the crowd were more likely to have died of compressive suffocation, rather than a "stampede." Abdullah Lotfy of Egypt told the Associated Press, "People were climbing over one another just to breathe... It was like a wave.

You go forward and suddenly you go back." The kingdom of Saudi Arabia has spent billions of dollars to accommodate the growing number of pilgrims, but critics say better management of the event could have prevented yesterday's tragedy.

It's the second major accident during this year's hajj season. On September 11, a construction crane crashed down onto the Grand Mosque, killing 111 people and injuring up to 400 more. The hajj draws 2-million people annually. Who can be held accountable for the deaths of the pilgrims? What will change before next year's pilgrimage? Will Muslims fear attending the hajj going forward?

Guests:

G. Keith Still, Professor of Crowd Science (Crowd Risk Analysis) at Manchester Metropolitan University in Manchester, England

Anisa Mehdi, Journalist and filmmaker who has covered the Hajj since 1998 and produced two films about the pilgrimage for PBS and National Geographic

Why corporate America is doing away with the annual performance review

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The dreaded annual performance review is the latest staple of the American workplace that’s come under threat.
; Credit: Miguel Villagran/Getty Images

The culture of work has undergone many major changes in the last two decades. The dreaded annual performance review is the latest staple of the American workplace that’s come under threat.

Big businesses from the Gap to Accenture have either outright done away with the practice or reformed the process.

So what is the annual performance review being replaced with?

Guests: 

Liz Ryan, CEO and Founder of the HR consulting firm Human Workplace in Boulder, Colorado. Liz is a former head of human resources at a Fortune 500 company

Larry Sternberg, President of Talent Plus, a management consultancy in Nebraska 

Boehner steps down as government shutdown looms

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House Speaker John Boehner Announces His Resignation At The Capitol

Speaker of the House John Boehner (R-OH) leaves after announcing his resignation on Capitol Hill, September 25, 2015 in Washington, D.C.; Credit: Astrid Riecken/Getty Images

Speaker John Boehner announced today that he will resign from his position and give up his House seat at the end of October.

Boehner has been under immense pressure from conservatives who would not vote for a bill that did not defund Planned Parenthood, while Congress moved to avert a government shutdown.

At a news conference at the Capitol, Boehner said “It had become clear to me that this prolonged leadership turmoil would do irreparable harm to the institution.”

Boehner’s announcement has reduced the chance of a government shutdown next week and a majority of the members of the House will now need to choose a new leader. How will Boehner be remembered? What will be expected of the next House Speaker?

Guests:

Lisa Mascaro, L.A. Times reporter covering Congress

Reed Galen, Republican political strategist and owner of Jedburghs, LLC., a public affairs and campaign consultancy firm in Orange County

Garry South, Democratic political strategist and Principal of The Garry South Group, a political consulting firm in Santa Monica

Judson Phillips, founder of Tea Party Nation

NASA scientist on what Mars’ salty water in summer time could means for future discoveries

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NASA Announces Major Scientific Finding On Nature Of Mars

John Grunsfeld, associate administrator at NASA's Science Mission Directorate, speaks during a press conference where NASA announced new findings that provide the "strongest evidence yet" of salty liquid water currently existing on Mars.; Credit: Win McNamee/Getty Images

An exciting discovery from NASA this morning - liquid water is seasonally flowing on Mars.

The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has found markings from highly salty water that flows from some mountain peaks in the summer months. The high salt content might keep life from forming, but the possibility of life on Mars is always exciting.

Guest:

Rich Zurek, Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) project scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory based in Pasadena, Calif.

The future of desalination in Santa Barbara and California

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AT30 Santa Barbara event.; Credit: Bill Youngblood/SCPR

California is experiencing one of the worst droughts in its history.

In the midst of this drought, communities are trying to address their current water needs as well as develop long-term strategies. Santa Barbara’s approach is to reopen its long-closed desalination plant.

Is that the city’s best option? Will the water produced be affordable? Will Ocean life be harmed?

You can find the audio from AT30's discussion on desalination in Santa Barbra and California below.

Guests:

Sara Aminzadeh, executive director California Coastkeeper Alliance

Yoram Cohen, professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at UCLA

Joe Geever, environmental consultant for Surfrider

Bob Harding, resources and system analysis manager at the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California

Helene Schneider, mayor of  Santa Barbara and candidate for Congress

Robert H. Sulnick, executive director of Orange County Water Independence Sustainability & Efficiency (OC WISE)


What to watch for when President Obama, Putin meet to tackle Syrian crisis

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U.S. President Barack Obama addresses the 70th annual United Nations General Assembly at the UN headquarters September 28, 2015 in New York City.; Credit: Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images

Obama and Russia’s President Vladimir Putin will meet today for the first time in more than a year.

The one-on-one meeting is expected to focus on efforts to resolve the growing conflicts in Syria and Ukraine. But it will likely be a chance for the two to discuss what Russia is willing to do to combat Islamist extremism and establish a plan for the conflict in Syria.  

The meeting was requested by Putin on Thursday, however it is still unclear what its focus will be.

The White House has said the meeting will focus on eastern Ukraine, where Russian forces are fighting the Kiev government. However,  Putin’s officials have said the focus will be on Syria where Russia has built up its military forces in recent weeks in support of President Bashar al-Assad.

Guests:

Michael Viqueira, senior Washington correspondent for Al Jazeera America

Nina Tumarkin, Professor of History and Director of Russian Area Studies, Wellesley College; author of “The Living and the Dead: The Rise and Fall of the Cult of World War II in Russia”

U.S. military members grapple with authority, morality in dealing with child sex abuse among Afghan allies

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A New York Times article published last weekend on the paper’s website details the issue of rampant child sex abuse in Afghanistan, particularly in rural areas where local militia commanders have been put in power to help keep the Taliban at bay. ; Credit: U.S. Army Sgt Tony Knouf via Flickr

Imagine you’re a soldier in the U.S. Army and you witness an Afghan police commander sexually abusing a teenage boy. Do you intervene, as your conscience and values suggest you should, or do you stay out of it like your superiors have told you to?

For many current and former military members who served in Afghanistan, this situation isn’t a hypothetical. A New York Times article published last weekend on the paper’s website details the issue of rampant child sex abuse in Afghanistan, particularly in rural areas where local militia commanders have been put in power to help keep the Taliban at bay.

‘Bacha bazi,’ which translates literally to ‘playing with boys’ is a practice that has long been part of Afghan culture.

The U.S. military, in the hopes of maintaining good relations with the Afghan people with whom it is working, has instructed service members to look the other way when they witness of child sex abuse because it’s part of Afghan culture and that any allegations of sex abuse would have to be dealt with by Afghan law enforcement, not the U.S. military.

When two Army soldiers beat up an Afghan police commander who was abusing an 11-year-old boy, they were disciplined by the military. One has since left the service, and the Army is trying to forcibly retire the other.

Where do we draw the line between cultural respect and maintaining relations, and standing up for our values? Where do we draw the line between cultural respect and maintaining relations, and standing up for our values?

Guests:

Colonel Cedric Leighton, former deputy director of training for the NSA, chairman of Cedric Leighton Associates, a strategic risk and leadership management consultancy, and a 26-year veteran of the U.S. Air Force

Gayle Tzemach Lemmon, Senior Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations and author of “The Dressmaker of Khair Khana” (HarperCollins, 2011) and "Ashley's War: The Untold Story of Women Soldiers on the Special Ops Battlefield" (Harper, 2015)

New brain technology could restore memory loss

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Abstract design made of head outlines, lights and abstract design elements on the subject of intelligence, consciousness, logical thinking, mental processes and brain power; Credit: Andrew Ostrovsky via Flickr

This sounds like something straight out of a sci-fi movie.

Scientists at University of Southern California and Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center have developed new brain technology that makes it possible to re-encode memories in people suffering from memory loss.

The brain relies on electrical signals to create memories, but when those signals are damaged or deteriorated it makes it harder for people to retain memories. This new technology allows for electrodes implanted in the brain to reconnect those signals and allow for short-term memories to be made into long-term memories.

The implants  have  performed well in laboratory testing in animals and are currently being evaluated in human patients. How is brain technology advancing? And what will this implant mean for people suffering from brain damage and memory loss?

Guest:

Ted Berger, professor of biomedical engineering at the USC Viterbi School of Engineering

Economists analyze 2016 GOP frontrunners’ tax plans

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Donald Trump Holds Press Conference To Announce His Tax Plan

Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump gives a speech outlining his vision for tax reform at his skyscraper on Fifth Avenue on September 28, 2015 in New York City.; Credit: Andrew Burton/Getty Images

Save for when they’re on the campaign trail, tax reform isn’t a topic that most politicians want to touch.

But it’s that time of the presidential campaign where candidates know they have to stop talking in generalities and start showing voters exactly what they plan to do if elected.

Several candidates, including current frontrunner Donald Trump, Jeb Bush, and Marco Rubio have released tax plans that explain how they would reform things like income, estate, and capital gains taxes.

How will each candidate’s tax plan affect the average voter? You can compare tax plans side-by-side from both Republican and Democratic candidates using this tool from the non-profit think tank Tax Foundation.

Guests:

Harry Stein, director of fiscal policy at the Center for American Progress in Washington, D.C.

Oren Cass, senior fellow at the Manhattan Institute

Toys fight to the death for chance at Hall of Fame spot

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Hasbro Announces New Monopoly Playing Figure

In this photo illustration, The Monopoly iron game piece is displayed on February 6, 2013 in Fairfax, California.; Credit: Justin Sullivan/Getty Images

Most of us probably had one or two toys or games that were more important to us as children than any of our belongings.

Maybe it was a teddy bear or blanket you got as an infant, or that Rubik’s Cube that you just couldn’t put down.

Well, it’s that time of year when the greatest and most influential toys of all time are honored for their contributions to play at the National Toy Hall of Fame in Rochester, New York. They’ve announced their finalists for the class of 2015, and there are plenty of recognizable heavyweights on this year’s list. American Girl dolls, Battleship, the coloring book, Jenga, PLAYMOBIL, the puppet, the scooter, Super Soaker, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, the spinning top, Twister, and Wiffle Ball are all finalists for 2015, with winners being announced in early November.

The winners will join other mega-popular toys and games already in the Hall of Fame, like G.I. Joe, Barbie, the Easy-Bake Oven, and Monopoly.

What was your favorite toy or game as a child? How did it help shape your personality? If you stopped playing with it at some point, why was that? Did you grow out of it or did another toy or game take its place? If you had to choose five toys from this year’s finalists to make the National Toy Hall of Fame, which would they be? Why?

Be sure to vote in our Ranker below and pick which toys you think you be inducted into the Hall of Fame. Think the curators missed a finalist this year? Add it to the list!

You can see a full list of the toys already inducted here.

Which Should be Inducted into the National Toy Hall of Fame?

Guests:

Tim Walsh, toy and game designer and author of “Timeless Toys: Classic Toys and the Playmakers Who Created Them” (Andrews McMeel, 2005)

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